{"id":2829,"date":"2017-02-14T19:44:39","date_gmt":"2017-02-14T18:44:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/?p=2829"},"modified":"2017-02-14T19:46:24","modified_gmt":"2017-02-14T18:46:24","slug":"ile-de-paques-nouvelle-theorie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/?p=2829","title":{"rendered":"Ile de P\u00e2ques grandeur et d\u00e9cadence"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Je regarde de temps \u00e0 autre l&rsquo;excellente s\u00e9rie sur Arte \u00ab\u00a0enqu\u00eates arch\u00e9ologiques\u00a0\u00bb. On suit les p\u00e9r\u00e9grinations de l&rsquo;arch\u00e9ologue belge Peter Eeckhout qui, \u00e0 chaque \u00e9pisode, se focalise sur un site et pr\u00e9sente de mani\u00e8re tr\u00e8s accessible les derni\u00e8res recherches en date sur le dit site entour\u00e9 des meilleurs sp\u00e9cialistes et experts. On passe aussi bien du myst\u00e8re <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%A9oglyphes_de_Nazca\">des g\u00e9oglyphes de Nazca<\/a> \u00e0 la cit\u00e9 l\u00e9gendaire de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Troie\">Troie<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u00e9cemment il a abord\u00e9 le sujet de l&rsquo;\u00eele de P\u00e2ques sur laquelle j&rsquo;ai eu la chance de m&rsquo;y rendre il y a quelques ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2832\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2832\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/?attachment_id=2832\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2832\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2832\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_nau-nau.jpg?resize=474%2C632\" alt=\"\" width=\"474\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_nau-nau.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_nau-nau.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_nau-nau.jpg?resize=768%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_nau-nau.jpg?w=948&amp;ssl=1 948w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2832\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ahu de Nau Nau<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les derni\u00e8res recherches initi\u00e9es par le chercheur belge <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicolas_Cauwe\">Nicolas Cauwe\u00a0<\/a>marquent un tournant car elles chamboulent compl\u00e8tement la vision qu&rsquo;on avait de l&rsquo;effondrement de la civilisation pascuane.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent les historiens ont privil\u00e9gi\u00e9 l&rsquo;hypoth\u00e8se du suicide \u00e9cologique et collectif. En gros, les tribus de l&rsquo;\u00eele se sont lanc\u00e9es dans une production immod\u00e9r\u00e9e de moa\u00ef (les fameuses statues de l&rsquo;\u00eele) \u00e0 qui elles vouaient un culte.\u00a0 Elles les acheminaient sur des rondins, et le bois \u00e9tait \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 pour les \u00e9riger. Associ\u00e9 \u00e0 leur utilisation pour l&rsquo;habitat et les feux de cuisson, cela a entra\u00een\u00e9 une d\u00e9forestation, un \u00e9puisement des ressources, une r\u00e9volte des tribus contre les moa\u00ef qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 jet\u00e9s \u00e0 terre, l&rsquo;abandon brutal de la carri\u00e8re des moa\u00ef sur le volcan Rano Raraku, des guerres fratricides entre tribus et la famine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"transition-duration: 0; transition-property: no; margin: 0 auto; position: relative; display: block; background-color: #000000;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.arte.tv\/player\/v3\/index.php?json_url=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.arte.tv%2Fapi%2Fplayer%2Fv1%2Fconfig%2Ffr%2F061733-008-A%3Fplatform%3DARTEPLUS7%26autostart%3D0%26primaryAudioVersion%3DVOF%26lifeCycle%3D1&amp;lang=fr_FR&amp;config=arte_tvguide&amp;embed=1&amp;mute=0\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nEn fait, m\u00eame si on ne peut pas nier la d\u00e9forestation, la fin du culte des moa\u00ef vers celui du dieu Make Make a \u00e9t\u00e9 progressive et marqu\u00e9e par le respect de l&rsquo;ancienne religion. Mais tout a \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9 et pens\u00e9 pour emp\u00eacher un retour en arri\u00e8re vers l&rsquo;ancienne religion, une sortie de tabou (tapu en polyn\u00e9sien) a \u00e9t\u00e9 jet\u00e9. Ainsi les ahu (les plateformes sur lesquelles sont \u00e9rig\u00e9es les moa\u00ef) n&rsquo;ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truits, mais les moa\u00ef ont \u00e9t\u00e9 couch\u00e9s \u00e0 terre, face contre terre, le plus d\u00e9licatement possible. S&rsquo;ils avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 projet\u00e9s, ils se seraient cass\u00e9s en mille morceaux.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2830\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2830\" style=\"width: 1600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/?attachment_id=2830\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2830\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2830 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_hanga-tee.jpg?resize=474%2C356\" width=\"474\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_hanga-tee.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_hanga-tee.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_hanga-tee.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_hanga-tee.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_hanga-tee.jpg?w=948&amp;ssl=1 948w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_hanga-tee.jpg?w=1422&amp;ssl=1 1422w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2830\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ahu de Tanga Tee<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">De m\u00eame que les moa\u00ef n&rsquo;ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 abandonn\u00e9s sur le flanc du volcan Rano Raraku, tout porte \u00e0 penser qu&rsquo;ils y ont \u00e9t\u00e9 laiss\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re tout \u00e0 fait intentionnelle pour emp\u00eacher toute nouvelle extraction.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2831\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2831\" style=\"width: 1600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/?attachment_id=2831\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2831\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2831\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_rano-raraku.jpg?resize=474%2C356\" alt=\"\" width=\"474\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_rano-raraku.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_rano-raraku.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_rano-raraku.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_rano-raraku.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_rano-raraku.jpg?w=948&amp;ssl=1 948w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/olivier.hoarau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Olivier_Hoarau_rano-raraku.jpg?w=1422&amp;ssl=1 1422w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2831\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carri\u00e8re de Rano Raraku<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les pascuans ne sont pas morts de faim pour autant, ils ont su s&rsquo;adapter et d\u00e9velopper des techniques de culture particuli\u00e8res et novatrices.<\/p>\n<p>Au final j&rsquo;ai modifi\u00e9 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hoarau.org\/tourisme\/rapanui\/index.php\">mes pages sur l&rsquo;\u00eele de P\u00e2ques<\/a> en prenant en compte ce nouvel \u00e9clairage.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Je regarde de temps \u00e0 autre l&rsquo;excellente s\u00e9rie sur Arte \u00ab\u00a0enqu\u00eates arch\u00e9ologiques\u00a0\u00bb. On suit les p\u00e9r\u00e9grinations de l&rsquo;arch\u00e9ologue belge Peter Eeckhout qui, \u00e0 chaque \u00e9pisode, se focalise sur un site et pr\u00e9sente de mani\u00e8re tr\u00e8s accessible les derni\u00e8res recherches en date sur le dit site entour\u00e9 des meilleurs sp\u00e9cialistes et experts. On passe aussi bien &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/?p=2829\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture de <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ile de P\u00e2ques grandeur et d\u00e9cadence<\/span>  <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[13,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vie-de-ma-page-perso","category-voyage"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/peOjJ-JD","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2829"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2834,"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2829\/revisions\/2834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olivier.hoarau.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}